![]() ![]() For example, the transcriptions make clear that the vowel /ɒ/ occurs only in British English, with American pronunciations usually having /ɔː/ or /ɑː/ instead. ![]() The broad approach to transcription is accompanied by a selective approach to variant pronunciations. ![]() The more advanced learner will understand that these symbols (phonemes) represent groups of related English sounds (allophones), and that the choice of symbols is guided by a long tradition of teaching and representing English pronunciation in this way. If the symbols are treated simply as sounds the speaker will be clearly understood - words such as cap /kæp/ and cup /kʌp/ will not be confused. This means that symbols from the International Phonetic Alphabet are used to represent the sounds and features that distinguish one word from another in English. Pronunciations given between slashes /ˌlaɪk ˈðɪs/ are transcribed broadly, using a phonemic system. They enable clear communication, are not old-fashioned or strongly regional, and are acceptable in formal and informal situations. These models represent accents that are widely taught and easily recognized as British or American. The pronunciations given are those of younger speakers of ‘mainstream’ or ‘unmarked’ Received Pronunciation (British English) and ‘General’ or ‘Network’ American (American English). ![]()
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